On Some Directions for the Development of the Russian Economy (Commemorative medal)
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Over the past decade, the Russian Federation has been trying to change the model of economic development. The high dependence of the economy onthe world commodity price environment weakens the country's national positions in the international arena. Global competition for world leadership led to a change in the paradigm of economic development. The paradigm shift occurred in the direction of digitalization and technological development of economic processes. The Russian Federation forms its own paradigm of economic development which corresponds to global challenges and national priorities. One can observe the transformation of key directions of economic development in the Russian economy. Let us define some of them.
1. Introduction of Smart City and Smart Grid technologies for urban environment development. The implementation of Smart City and Smart Grid concepts is aimed at the creation of highly integrated intelligent system-forming and distribution electric networks of a new generation. These technologies allow saving energy resources. Smart City and Smart Grid update production assets and do the least harm to the environment. The introduction of these technologies into the urban environment requires at least two conditions: 1) contemporary modernized infrastructure; and 2) the creation of an uninterrupted Internet connection. The research into the readiness of municipalities to introduce Smart City technologies conducted by the author showed that only 7 % of cities in the Russian Federation are ready for the introduction of these technologies.
2. Formation of information ‘Big Data’ platforms. In the new paradigm of the economic development of the Russian Federation, a significant place is given to the creation of ‘big data’ platforms which accumulate all information flows of the economy. As barriers to this process, the provision of personal and national security during processing ‘big data’ in conditions of openness of cyberphysical systems.
3. Use of artificial intelligence for the control of financial transactions. The transition to a unified system of non-cash settlements by 2035 limits the financial rights of a person and a citizen ‘to the free movement of goods, services and financial resources’ (in accordance with Article 8 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). The contradiction lies in the fact that dependence on artificial intelligence in financial transactions does not allow accumulating and redistributing capital as far as is necessary. State sanctions for the citizen will be reflected in his financial operations.
4. Priority development of markets formed in the framework of the National Technology Initiative. The National Technology Initiative, developed by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, is the foundation of the new innovative and technological economy of the Russian Federation. As part of this initiative there were identified priority segments of development – the markets of the new technological order of the national economy such as AeroNet, MariNet, AutoNet, HealthNet, NeuroNet, EnergyNet, FoodNet, Safenet. Declared in the economic programs of 2008–2016 the direction of full diversification of the economy is reflected only in the availability of these development segments.
The directions of the digital economy within the framework of the new development paradigm are of great importance. The key barriers to the digital economy are the lack of proper infrastructure, outdated production assets, the problem with municipal debt, the shortage of modern jobs. Particular attention should be given to the following areas:
– the formation of an integrated system of knowledge economy and the introduction of industry 2.0 to small and medium-sized businesses;
– the development of an economic development strategy based on the ‘economy of ideas’;
– the creation of a modern infrastructure in the municipalities of the Russian Federation;
– the annual increase in labor productivity through the introduction of new fundamental technologies.
The presented directions of economic development will allow forming and coordinating the organizational and managerial decision on the development of a unified development strategy. These directions will ensure the growth of socio-economic indicators in the context of regional and national economy. The directions of economic development will activate new sources of growth and focus on the implementation of the model of innovation development.